In sea urchins, spermatozoa are stored in the gonads in hypercapnic conditions (pH<7.0). During spawning, sperm are diluted in seawater of pH>8.0, and there is an alkalinization of the sperm’s internal pH (pHi) through the release of CO2 and H+. Previous research has shown that when pHi is above 7.2-7.3, the dynein ATPase flagellar motors are activated, […]
The present study investigated the effects of rising carbon dioxide levels in nature and the carbon sequestration potential of dominant mangrove species for reducing the toxic effects of ocean acidification. The study was conducted on the east coast of Odisha, in the western Bay of Bengal. To determine the effect of these ambient parameters on […]
In light of the chronic stress and mass mortality reef-building corals face under climate change, it is critical to understand the processes driving reef persistence and replenishment, including coral reproduction and development. Here we quantify gene expression and sensitivity to ocean acidification across a set of developmental stages in the rice coral, Montipora capitata. Embryos and […]
The ocean impacts human well-being and sustainability by influencing weather, climate, the economy, health and safety. Ocean and coastal observations play a critical role in enabling decision-makers to understand ocean and coastal issues and shape effective policies. This chapter explores how ocean and coastal observations relate to the development and achievement of three of the […]
This study uses a choice experiment to characterize market segments (consumer preferences heterogeneity) based on three attributes of seafood (mussels) that are affected by ocean acidification: shell appearance, meat color, and nutritional composition. Using a sample of 1,257 individuals from two main cities in Chile, we estimate both the Mixed Logit model and the Latent […]
The International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) was launched in 1987 to coordinate international research on global-scale and regional-scale interactions between Earth’s biological, chemical and physical processes and their interactions with human systems. IGBP’s international core projects Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research (IMBER), Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS), Past Global Changes (PAGES) and Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) study ocean acidification. Contact: Wendy Broadgate, Deputy Director, Natural Sciences, IGBP, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Box 50005, SE 104-05 Stockholm, Sweden, Tel. +46 8 6739 559.
Established by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1960, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC-UNESCO) promotes international cooperation and coordinates programmes in marine research, services, observation systems, hazard mitigation, and capacity development in order to understand and effectively manage the resources of the ocean and coastal areas. Contact: Kirsten Isensee, Tel: +33 (0) 1 45 68 40 08; Jorge Luis Valdes, Tel: +33 (0) 1 45 68 40 11; IOC-UNESCO, 1, rue Miollis, 75732 Paris cedex 15, France.
The Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) was established by the International Council for Science (ICSU) in 1957 and is a co-sponsor of the international projects IMBER and SOLAS. Contact: Ed Urban, Executive Director, SCOR, College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA, Tel: +1-302-831-7011, e-mail: secretariat(at)scor-int.org.
The Ocean Acidification International Coordination Center (OA-ICC) is operated by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)’s Environmental Laboratories in Monaco. An advisory board, including members of the SOLAS-IMBER Ocean Acidification Working Group (SIOA WG), provides recommendations to the project. The OA-ICC works in close collaboration with the Ocean Acidification international Reference User Group (iOA-RUG), a forum for dialogue between researchers and stakeholders. Contact: IAEA-Environment Laboratories, 4a Quai Antoine 1er, MC-98000 Principality of Monaco, Tel: +377 97977272, e-mail: OAICC.Contact-Point@iaea.org.
By the end of 2015 IGBP and its projects will be merging into a new international research initiative on global sustainability, Future Earth. Future Earth is a 10-year international programme that will provide critical knowledge required for societies to face the challenges posed by global environmental change and to identify opportunities for a transition to global sustainability. E-mail: contact@futureearth.info.
We acknowledge financial support from the Korean Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST) to build this site.
Ocean Acidification 
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